Roman history facts

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World History and Geography: Ancient Rome

a. Geography of the Mediterranean Region

i. Mediterranean Sea, Aegean Sea, Adriatic Sea

ii. Greece, Italy (peninsula), France, Spain

iii. Strait of Gibraltar, Atlantic Ocean

iv. North Africa, Asia Minor (peninsula), Turkey

v. Bosporus (strait), Black Sea, Istanbul (Constantinople)

vi. Red Sea, Persian Gulf

b. Background

i. Define B.C. /A.D. and B.C.E. /C.E.

ii. The legend of Romulus and Remus

iii. Latin as the language of Rome

iv. Worship of gods and goddesses, largely based on Greek religion

                                                                               . The Republic: Senate, Patricians, Plebeians

vi. Punic Wars: Carthage, Hannibal

c. The Empire

i. Julius Caesar

a) Defeats Pompey in civil war, becomes dictator

b) "Veni, vidi, vici" ("I came, I saw, I conquered")

c) Cleopatra of Egypt

d) Caesar assassinated in the Senate, Brutus

ii. Augustus Caesar

iii. Life in the Roman Empire

a) The Forum: temples, marketplaces, etc.

b) The Colosseum: circuses, gladiator combat, chariot races

c) Roads, bridges, and aqueducts

iv. Eruption of Mt. Vesuvius, destruction of Pompeii

v. Persecution of Christians

d. The "Decline and Fall" of Rome

i. Weak and corrupt emperors, legend of Nero fiddling as Rome burns

ii. Civil wars

iii. City of Rome sacked

e. The Eastern Roman Empire: Byzantine Civilization

i. The rise of the Eastern Roman Empire, known as the Byzantine Empire

ii. Constantine, first Christian emperor

iii. Constantinople (now called Istanbul) merges diverse influences and cultures.

iv. Justinian, Justinian’s Code